Source: Wordpress
Gowers distinguishes between disproving conjectures via counterexamples—computationally tractable—and constructing proofs, which requires deeper conceptual reasoning. LLMs excel at verification and refutation where exhaustive search works, but haven't demonstrated the synthetic reasoning that drives major mathematical breakthroughs. The limitation is real: they're pattern-matchers that can find what doesn't work, not architects of why something must be true.