Extreme IPO Valuations Lock Out Retail Investors
Source: NYT > Business
As private companies like SpaceX and OpenAI command billion-dollar valuations before going public, the entry price for ordinary investors balloons beyond reach. Retail participation shrinks while early venture capitalists and insiders capture the appreciation upside. This inverts the original IPO promise of democratized ownership, funneling wealth concentration to those with private market access and leaving late-stage public buyers to chase already-inflated assets. It matters because it shifts who owns the infrastructure powering the economy and creates a two-tier capital market that increasingly resembles pre-2000s gatekeeping.