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Most States Leave Heat-Stricken Workers Without Legal Protection

Only a handful of U.S. states have explicit heat safety standards for workers, and several actively block local jurisdictions from filling the gap—creating a patchwork where postal carriers, construction workers, and outdoor laborers have virtually no federal recourse during deadly temperature events. This regulatory void reflects how occupational safety standards lag behind climate reality: heat-related deaths are rising, yet OSHA has no federal heat standard and states like Texas have preemptively neutered municipal protections, leaving liability and risk entirely with employers and workers. The absence of enforceable heat rules stems from deliberate policy choices that prioritize business flexibility over worker safety.

Most States Still Have No Heat Protection Laws for Workers

The U.S. lacks federal or comprehensive state-level heat safety standards despite documented hundreds of annual worker deaths, leaving the burden on individual employers and workers themselves to manage risk—a gap that becomes more urgent as climate change intensifies. Texas and similar states have actively blocked local governments from establishing their own protections, fragmenting accountability and creating a patchwork where outdoor and essential workers in hot climates (delivery, agriculture, construction) face vastly different legal safeguards depending on geography. Litigation, worker organizing, and climate urgency are beginning to push heat onto the policy agenda in ways occupational safety had not previously prioritized.